Sistema de planificación para la distribución de agua a centros poblados

La presente investigación comprende el desarrollo e implementación de un aplicativo móvil para la distribución de agua. El objetivo general fue determinar de qué manera la implementación de un sistema móvil beneficiaria en la distribución de agua. El tipo de estudio es de tipo aplicada y el diseño es pre-experimental transeccional de tipo descriptivo. Para ello, se hará la combinación de ciertos algoritmos como Dijkstra y colonia de hormigas para la planificación de rutas para la distribución de agua como solución ante la falta de abastecimiento de agua en centros poblados

Successful strategies implemented towards the elimination of canine rabies in the Western Hemisphere

Almost all cases of human rabies result from dog bites, making the elimination of canine rabies a global priority. During recent decades, many countries in the Western Hemisphere have carried out large-scale dog vaccination campaigns, controlled their free-ranging dog populations and enforced legislation for responsible pet ownership. This article reviews progress in eliminating canine rabies from the Western Hemisphere. After briefly summarizing the history of control efforts and describing the approaches listed above, we note that programs in some countries have been hindered by societal attitudes and severe economic disparities, which underlines the need to discuss measures that will be required to complete the elimination of canine rabies throughout the region. We also note that there is a constant threat for dog-maintained epizootics to re-occur, so as long as dog-maintained rabies "hot spots" are still present, free-roaming dog populations remain large, herd immunity becomes low and dog-derived rabies lyssavirus (RABLV) variants continue to circulate in close proximity to rabies-naïve dog populations. The elimination of dog-maintained rabies will be only feasible if both dog-maintained and dog-derived RABLV lineages and variants are permanently eliminated. This may be possible by keeping dog herd immunity above 70% at all times, fostering sustained laboratory-based surveillance through reliable rabies diagnosis and RABLV genetic typing in dogs, domestic animals and wildlife, as well as continuing to educate the population on the risk of rabies transmission, prevention and responsible pet ownership. Complete elimination of canine rabies requires permanent funding, with governments and people committed to make it a reality. An accompanying article reviews the history and epidemiology of canine rabies in the Western Hemisphere, beginning with its introduction during the period of European colonization, and discusses how spillovers of viruses between dogs and various wild carnivores will affect future eradication efforts (Velasco-Villa et al., 2017)

Evidencia Empírica de la Minería de Procesos en la Implantación de CMMI-DEV

Resumen: La minería de procesos tiene como objetivo descubrir, monitorear y mejorar procesos a través del análisis de los diversos registros de eventos generados por los procesos de la organización. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar la evidencia empírica de la inclusión estratégica de la disciplina de minería de procesos en proyectos de mejora de procesos de software implementados con CMMI. En el proceso de mapeo sistemático de la revisión de la literatura, se establecieron cuatro categorías para clasificar los hallazgos encontrados (Fundamentos teóricos, propuestas, herramientas y sistemas de información y algoritmos) para presentar los estudios que cumplen con el objetivo. Se concluye que la interdisciplinariedad de la minería de procesos con un modelo de referencia de procesos como CMMI-DEV apoya la implementación y evaluación de las áreas de procesos, al aplicar técnicas y algoritmos de minería de procesos que faciliten la exploración y explotación de los registros de eventos relacionados a la ejecución de las actividades almacenados en un repositorio. Palabras clave: Minería de Procesos, Mejora de Procesos de Software, Registro de Eventos

Online clinical simulation session with human avatars: Teaching innovation in medical students

La pandemia COVID-19, ha obligado a las instituciones académicas a implantar diferentes metodologías hibridas (presencial y a distancia), la educación basada en simulación no es la excepción, esta se ha adaptado a la formación a distancia (telesimulación). Se presenta un procedimiento de simulación en línea, con avatares humanos presentes en el escenario de simulación, que se identifican con cada uno de los estudiantes en remoto, desarrollan la acción que estos indican en tiempo real, recibiendo los alumnos retroalimentación inmediata; lo que favorece el aprendizaje significativo. Se analizan las ventajas de distintas modalidades de telesimulación, se propugna que la simulación con avatares humanos facilita el aprendizaje cognitivo, afectivo y psicomotor en los estudiantes, favorece el trabajo en equipo, la interacción social; y es capaz de crear una comunidad de investigación con presencia cognitiva, social y docente. La simulación clínica con avatares humanos constituye un nuevo procedimiento en simulación en línea, que podría contribuir a mejorar la formación médica. Se propone continuar con la evidencia empírica y la investigación científica sobre este nuevo modelo de telesimulación.The COVID-19 pandemic has forced academic institutions to implement different hybrid methodologies (face-to-face and distance), simulation-based education is no exception, it has been adapted to distance training, such as telesimulation. An online simulation procedure is presented, with human avatars present in the simulation scenario, who identify with each of the students remotely, develop the action that they indicate in real time, receiving immediate feedback from the students; which promotes meaningful learning. The advantages of different telesimulation modalities are analyzed, it is advocated that simulation with human avatars facilitates cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning in students, favors teamwork, social interaction; and is capable of creating a research community with a cognitive, social and teaching presence. Clinical simulation with human avatars constitutes a new procedure in online simulation, which could contribute to improving medical training. It is proposed to continue with the empirical evidence and scientific research on this new telesimulation model

Adelante / Endavant

Séptimo desafío por la erradicación de la violencia contra las mujeres del Institut Universitari d’Estudis Feministes i de Gènere "Purificación Escribano" de la Universitat Jaume

Concomitant administration of GonaConTMand rabies vaccine infemale dogs (Canis familiaris) in Mexico

Mexico serves as a global model for advances in rabies prevention and control in dogs. The Mexican Ministry of Health (MMH) annual application of approximately 16 million doses of parenteral rabies vaccine has resulted in significant reductions in canine rabies during the past 20 years. One collateral parameter of rabies programs is dog population management. Enhanced public awareness is critical to reinforce responsible pet ownership. Surgical spaying and neutering remain important to prevent reproduction, but are impractical for achieving dog population management goals. GonaCon™, an anti-gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccine, was initially tested in captive female dogs on the Navajo Nation, 2008. The MMH led this international collaborative study on an improved formulation of GonaCon™ in captive dogs with local representatives in Hidalgo, Mexico in 2011. This study contained 20 bitches assigned to Group A (6 control), Group B (7 GonaCon™), and Group C (7 GonaCon™ and rabies vaccine).Vaccines were delivered IM. Animals were placed under observation and evaluated during the 61-daytrial. Clinically, all dogs behaved normally. No limping or prostration was observed, in spite of minor muscle atrophy post-mortem in the left hind leg of dogs that received GonaCon™. Two dogs that began the study pregnant give birth to healthy pups. Dogs that received a GonaCon™ injection had macro and microscopic lesions consistent with prior findings, but the adverse injection effects were less frequent and lower in intensity. Both vaccines were immunogenic based on significant increases in rabies virus neutralizing antibodies and anti-GnRH antibodies in treatment Groups B and C. Simultaneous administration of GonaCon™ and rabies vaccine in Group C did not affect immunogenicity. Progesterone was suppressed significantly in comparison to controls. Future studies that monitor fertility through multiple breeding cycles represent a research need to determine the value of integrating this vaccine into dog rabies management

Antigenic Diversity and Distribution of Rabies Virus in Mexico

Rabies remains a public health problem in the Americas because of the great diversity of wild reservoirs that maintain the virus in nature. Here we report the antigenic characterization of 254 rabies viruses isolated from 148 nonreservoir and 106 reservoir hosts collected in 27 states of Mexico. Nine out of 11 antigenic variants previously reported in the United States were detected in Mexico by using the limited panel of monoclonal antibodies donated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Some rabies virus variants were isolated from their natural reservoirs, which were also taxonomically identified. Terrestrial reservoirs included stray dogs with V1, Urocyon cineroargenteus (gray foxes) with V7, and two subspecies of Spilogale putorius (spotted skunks) with different viral variants (V8 and V10). Aerial hosts included Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana and Desmodus rotundus, which harbored V9 and V4 and harbored V11, respectively. All variants, with the exception of V9, were isolated from nonreservoir hosts, while V3, V4, and V5 were not isolated from their natural reservoirs but only from livestock. Rabies virus antigenic typing allowed us to determine rabies reservoirs and their distribution in Mexico, data which will probably improve prevention and control of the illness in humans and in the reservoir hosts

Sesión de simulación clínica en línea con avatares humanos

introducción La pandemia COVID-19, ha obligado a las instituciones académicas a implantar diferentes metodologías hibridas (presencial y a distancia), la educación basada en simulación no es la excepción, esta se ha adaptado al modelo a distancia, como es la telesimulación. Desarrollo de la experiencia de innovación Se presenta un procedimiento de simulación en línea, con avatares humanos presentes en el escenario de simulación, que se identifican con cada uno de los alumnos en remoto, desarrollan la acción que estos indican en tiempo real, recibiendo los alumnos retroalimentación inmediata; lo que favorece  el aprendizaje significativo. Discusión de la innovación docente Se analizan las ventajas de distintas modalidades de telesimulación, se propugna que la simulación con avatares humanos facilita el desarrollo cognitivo, afectivo y psicomotor en los alumnos, favorece el trabajo en equipo, la interacción social; y es capaz de crear una comunidad de investigación con presencia cognitiva, social y docente. Conclusiones La simulación clínica con avatares humanos constituye un nuevo procedimiento en simulación en línea, que podría contribuir a mejorar la formación médica. Se propone continuar con la evidencia empírica y la investigación científica sobre este nuevo modelo de telesimulación. Palabras clave: Telesimulación, sesión clínica, simulación avatar, habilidades

A comprehensive analysis of factors related to carmustine/bevacizumab response in recurrent glioblastoma

Purpose Patients with recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) have a poor prognosis, with survival ranging from 25 to 40 weeks. Antiangiogenic agents are widely used, showing a variable response. In this study, we explored the efcacy of carmustine plus bevacizumab (BCNU/Bev) for treating rGBM. Methods/patients In this study, we assessed 59 adult patients with histologically confrmed rGBM who were treated with BCNU/Bev as second-line regimen. The response rate (RR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated according to their molecular expression profle, including CD133 mRNA expression, MGMT methylation (pMGMT), PDGFR amplifcation, YKL40 mRNA expression, IDH1/2 condition, p53 and EGFRvIII mutation status. Results Median follow-up was 18.6 months, overall RR to the combination was 56.3%, and median PFS was 9.0 months (95% CI 8.0–9.9). OS from time of diagnosis was 21.0 months (95% CI 13.2–28.7) and from starting BCNU/Bev it was 10.7 months (95% CI 9.5–11.8). IDH1/2 mutations were found in 30.5% of the patients, pMGMT in 55.9% and high CD133 mRNA expression in 57.6%. Factors which positively afected PFS included performance status (p=0.015), IDH+ (p=0.05), CD133 mRNA expression (p=0.009) and pMGMT+ (p=0.007). OS was positively afected by pMGMT+ (p=0.05). Meanwhile, YKL40 negatively afected PFS (p=0.01) and OS (p=0.0001). Grade≥3 toxicities included hypertension (22%) and fatigue (12%). Conclusions BCNU/Bev is a safe and tolerable treatment for rGBM. Patients with MGMT+/IDH+ derive the greatest beneft from the treatment combination in the second-line setting. Nonetheless, high YKL40 expression discourages the use of antiangiogenic therapy